#Apa dsm 5 criteria for ptsd manual

( 14) showed a lower prevalence of ICD-11 than DSM-5 among youths who experienced potentially traumatic events.

Only a few studies were conducted among youths, and mixed results were reported. ( 9) reported a lower co-occurring rate with MDD and GAD for DSM-5 criteria. However, other studies showed that the DSM-5 could significantly increase the co-occurrence rate. Several studies showed that using the ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria provided equivalent comorbidity rates between PTSD and other mental disorders such as major depression disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) ( 11). Studies further evaluating the comorbidity differences between these two criteria of PTSD demonstrated mixed results. In general, most of the studies were conducted among adults and almost exclusively showed that the ICD-11 criteria provide a lower prevalence than the DSM-5. In consideration of the striking distinction between ICD-11 and DSM-5 in the diagnostic conceptualization of PTSD, a number of studies focused on comparing differences between these two divergent diagnostic systems. The different definitions of PTSD would affect our understanding of the traumatic stress response. Taken together, these two criteria adopt vastly different conceptualizations of PTSD, as the DSM-5 defines PTSD as a multifaceted and complex syndrome while the ICD-11 regards PTSD as a more specific post-traumatic psychological response. By using a narrower and briefer set of symptoms, ICD-11 aims to ease diagnostic application, reduce psychiatric comorbidity, and include more symptomatic individuals. Therefore, the ICD-11 includes six “specific” PTSD symptoms and requires at least one of two intrusion symptoms, one of two avoidance symptoms, and one of two sense of threat symptoms to diagnose PTSD ( 5). In contrast, the ICD-11 defines PTSD in a narrow way by eliminating “non-specific” PTSD symptoms. The DSM-5 criteria require the presence of at least one out of five intrusion symptoms, one out of two avoidance symptoms, two out of seven negative alterations in cognitions and mood symptoms, and two out of six alterations in arousal and reactivity symptoms to diagnose PTSD. More concretely, the DSM-5 defines PTSD in a broad way and includes twenty symptoms. Nevertheless, the definition of PTSD in the recent version of the ICD (ICD-11 ( 3)) differs markedly from the latest DSM (DSM-5 ( 4)).

#Apa dsm 5 criteria for ptsd manual

The diagnosis of PTSD is commonly based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) worldwide. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent mental problems among trauma-exposed adolescents. According to a national survey of the United States, a majority (60.0%) of adolescents aged 13 to 18 experienced one or more traumatic events ( 1). This study contributes to the current understanding of the similarities and differences using different PTSD criteria and informs the organization and application of these two globally applied PTSD criteria.Įxposure to traumatic events is widespread among adolescents. The results revealed that the ICD-11 and DSM-5 provided similar prevalence of PTSD and comorbidity rates with MDD and GAD in Chinese trauma-exposed adolescent samples. The differences regarding comorbidities between ICD-11 and DSM-5 definitions were not significant among these two samples. No significant PTSD prevalence differences between ICD-11 and DSM-5 were found across the two samples. The MDD and GAD subscales of the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to measure major depression disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was used to measure PTSD symptoms. A total of 1,201 students exposed to earthquake and 559 students from vocational schools exposed to potentially traumatic events were included in this study. This study aimed at comparing the prevalence and comorbidity differences of PTSD according to ICD-11 and DSM-5 definitions across two Chinese adolescent trauma-exposed samples.

2Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

1Laboratory for Traumatic Stress Studies, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Li Wang 1,2 Ruojiao Fang 1,2 Chen Chen 1,2 Chengqi Cao 1,2 *